Which law governs the use of surveillance cameras in public spaces?

The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) governs the use of surveillance cameras in public spaces primarily because it addresses the collection, use, and disclosure of personal information in the course of commercial activities. Under this legislation, organizations must ensure that any collection of personal data, including images captured by surveillance cameras, is done in a manner that respects individuals' privacy rights.

PIPEDA requires that individuals be informed about the purpose of data collection and how the information will be used, as well as obtaining consent when necessary. The act also includes mandates for protecting personal data through appropriate security measures and allowing individuals access to their information if requested.

While the Criminal Code of Canada includes offenses related to privacy breaches, it does not provide the same framework for the management and consent required for surveillance practices in a commercial context. Similarly, the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act primarily applies to public bodies rather than private entities or commercial practices in relation to surveillance. The Public Health Act focuses on health-related issues and does not address surveillance directly. Thus, PIPEDA is the most relevant legislation for the use of surveillance cameras in public spaces, particularly regarding the protection of personal information.